1 월 5 일 새로운 IELTS 시험이 성공적으로 완료되었습니다. 실제 질문과 답변에 매우 관심이 있다고 믿습니다. 다음으로 나와 함께 2019 년 1 월 5 일 IELTS 독서 시험의 실제 질문과 답을 살펴 보겠습니다.

Passage 1

문장 주제: 설명 (자연과학)

문장 제목: Reef Fish Study

질문 및 수량: 판단 질문 4+ 빈 질문 9

질문 및 답변:

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7. artificial light

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14. mortality

실제 질문 참조: c11t3p2: great migrations

문장 제목: 기업의 사회적 책임

문장 난이도: ★★★★★★★

세 회사 (GE, Microsoft, Wolefood Market) 가 일상적인 운영에서 기업의 사회적 책임을 어떻게 실현하는지 예를 들어 보겠습니다.

제목 및 수량: 제목 쌍 질문 7+ 단락 빈 질문 2+ 일치 질문 4

제목 및 답변:

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20.ii

21. equal opportunity

22. internal costs

참 질문 참조: c 13 T2 p 3: making the most of trends

시험 원문: (위/아래 슬라이드 보기)

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the moral appeal-arguing that companies have a duty to be good citizens and to "do the right thing"-is Social Responsibility, The leading non profit CSR business association in the United States.

a an excellent definition was developed in the 1980s'' meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of ff Meet their own needs. "the notion of license to operate derives from the fact that every company needs tacit or explicit permission from governet Communities, and numerous other stakeholders to do business.finally, Reputation is used by many companies to justify CSR initiatives on the grounds that they will improve a company's image, strengthen its brand Enliven morale, and even raise the value of its stock.

b to advance CSR, We must root it in a broad understanding of the interrelationship between a corporation and society. to say broadly that business and society nees

Iché But it is also the basic truth that will pull companies out of the muddle that their current corporate-respons ibility thinking has created; Corporations need a healthy society.education, health care, And equal opportunity are essential to a productive workforce.safe products and working conditions not only attract customers but lower the ining Costs of accidents.efficient utilization of land, water, energy, and other natural resources makes business more productive. The rule of Jaw, And property rights are essential for efficiency and innovation.any business that pursues its ends at the expense of the society in which it operes Will find its success to be illusory and ultimately temporary.at the same time, A health society needs successful companies.no social program can rival the business sector when it comes to creating the jobs, wealth, And innovation that improve standards of living and social conditions over time.

c a company's impact on society all As social standards evolve and science progresses.asbestos, now understood as a serious health risk, was thought to be safe in the earls Given the scientific knowledge then available.evidence of its risks gradually mounted for more than 50 years before any company was held liable He harms it can cause.many firms that failed to anticipate the

Consequences of this evolving body of research have been bankrupt by the results.no longer can companies be content to monitor only the obvious SSI Impacts of today.without a careful process for identifying evolving social effects of tomorrow, Firms may risk their very survival.

d no business can solve all of society's problems or bear the cost of doing so .. Each company must select issues that intersect with its particular business.corporations are not responsible for all the world's problememe Nor do they have the resources to solve them all.each company can identify the particular set of societal problems that it is best equipped to help E solve and from which it can gain the greatest competitive benefit.addressing social issues by creating shared value will lead to self-suse Tions that do not depend on private or government subsidies.when a well-run business applies its vast resources, expertise, And management talent to problems that it understands and in which it has a stake, It can have a greater impact on social good than any other institution or philanthropic organization.

e the best corporate citizenship initiatives involve far more than writing a check: they specify clear ， Measurable goals and track results over time.a good example is ge's program to adopt under performing public high schools near several of its

Acilities.the company contributes between $250, 000 and $1 million over a five-year period to each school and makes in-kind donations as well ge managers and employees take an active roll With school administrators to assess needs and mentor or tutor students.the graduation rate of these schools almost doubled during this time peper Effective corporate citizenship initiatives such as this one create good will and improve relations with local governments and other important consortant Ncies. What's more, Ge's employees feel great pride in their participation.their effect is inherently limited though.no matter how beneficial the program It remains incidental to the company's business, And the direct effect on ge's recruiting and retention is modest.

f Microsoft is a good example of a shared-value opportunity arising from investments in context.the shortage of informate S a significant constraint on Microsoft's growth, currently, there are more than 450, 000 unfilled it positions in the United States alone.community colleges, representing 45 of all U.S. undergraduates, Could be a major solution.microsoft recognizes, however, that community colleges face special challenges: it curricula are not Technology used in classrooms is often outdated, and there are no systematic professional development programs to keep facult

Y up to date.in addition to contributing money and products, Microsoft sent employee volunteers to colleges to assess needs, Contribute to curriculum development, and create faculty development institutes.note that in this case, Volunteers and assigned staff were able to use their core professional skills to address a social need, A far cry from typical volunter programs.microsoft has achieved results that have benefited many communities while having a direct-and pap Ignificant-impact on the company.

g at the heart of any strategy is a unique value proposition: a set of needs a company can meet for its chosen customers that others Most strategic CSR occurs when a company adds a social dimension to its value proposition, Making social impact integral to the overall strategy consider whole foods market, whose value proposition is to sell organic, natural, And healthy food products to customers who are passionate about food and the environment.whole foods' commitment to natural and environment Dly operating practices extends well beyond sourcing.stores are constructed using a minimum of virgin raw materials.recently, The company purchased renewable wind energy credits equal to 100 of its electricity use in all of its stores and facilities, The only fortune 500 company to offset its electricity consumption entirely.spoiled produce and B.

Io degradable waste are trucked to regional centers for composting.whole foods' vehicles are being converted to run on biofuels.even Ucts used in its stores are environmental ly friendly.and through its philanthropy, The company has created the animal compassion foundation to develop more natural and humane ways of raising farm animals.in short, Nearly every aspect of the company's value chain reinforces the social dimensions of its value proposition, Distinguish ing whole foods from its competitors.

passage 3

문장 주제: 인문 사회 과학

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