Attention should be paid to the cultivation of primary school students' learning ability

Self-learning ability refers to a kind of learning ability that can acquire knowledge, find problems and solve problems independently by using certain learning methods and tools on the basis of original knowledge and skills. Then, how to cultivate students' self-study ability in mathematics teaching? Let me talk about my personal practice.

First, mobilizing learning enthusiasm is the premise of cultivating self-study ability.

Ushinski, an educator in the former Soviet Union, said: "If the initial mathematics is full of images, colors and sounds, which are acceptable to children's senses in short, then we can make the knowledge we teach acceptable to children and let us enter the children's thinking world." In other words, mathematics teaching is full of interest. In my junior high school mathematics teaching, I use many learning tool cards, such as kittens, puppies and elephants ... These cute little animal cards are used to teach students to know numbers and calculations. At the same time, a large number of slide shows are used in teaching to cultivate students' "three moves" ability of hands-on operation, brain thinking and final oral expression. This not only stimulates students' interest in learning, but also mobilizes their enthusiasm for learning and cultivates their learning ability. For example, when teaching the understanding of numbers within 10, I didn't follow the teaching progress: every number had to take a class, but I used the students' pre-school foundation and pictures to teach the number of 1- 10 in just two classes. In class, I ask students to put cards, count, check each other and report. A class is lively and interesting, which cultivates students' self-study ability. More importantly, let students find math class interesting, not boring, and lay a foundation for cultivating their abilities in the future.

Second, teaching learning methods is an important part of cultivating self-learning ability.

Due to the influence of exam-oriented education, in teaching, we often only pay attention to basic knowledge and skills, while ignoring the cultivation of students' learning ability. While strengthening the "double basics" teaching, I also attach importance to the cultivation of thinking and memory ability, especially to teach students learning methods.

1. Teach students to use textbooks. The focus of using textbooks in lower grades should be observation. The new textbook uses a lot of vivid and intuitive contents such as pictures, graphics, straight lines and line segments. When guiding students to read and observe, the following order can be adopted according to several psychological characteristics of children in the observation process:

(1) Observe the picture, understand the meaning and requirements of the picture, be able to observe it in a certain order, and use up, down, left and right directional words.

(2) According to the requirements of pictures, be able to operate pendulum learning tools and organize the operation process of language expression.

(3) will fill in numbers, symbols or calculations according to the requirements of drawings;

(4) Be able to clearly show what you know and what you want in the pictures, so as to prepare for learning application problems. In the teaching of middle and senior grades, I pay attention to guiding students to understand and learn the learning methods provided in the book, and to understand concepts and laws. For example, when studying "fractional meaning", I put forward: ① What should be regarded as the unit "1"; ② Divide the unit "1" into several parts on average; ③ Each copy is a fraction of the unit "1". Please read and discuss with these three questions. This part of formula derivation is to let students read, think and discuss with questions. Let the students master and learn by themselves. This makes full use of textbooks and cultivates students' self-study ability.

2. Pay attention to students' learning process. The most taboo in math class is that teachers' thinking activities occupy students' thinking activities-students' learning process. The learning process of students is the thinking process. Therefore, in math class, we should pay attention to fully revealing students' thinking process and let them express their thoughts or how to understand them.

For example, when teaching more than a dozen students to reduce nine, I asked the following questions:

(1) Place the object. Put a small stick. One bundle (10) and three bundles.

(2) How to get 9 pieces from 13?

(3) What do you think?

(4) Say what you think and let us listen. Let students set up learning tools according to problems, which not only provides "handrails" for students, but also teaches thinking methods and trains students to turn concrete into abstract thinking processes.

Third, the formation of students' study habits.

Habit is an unchangeable behavior that a person gradually develops over a long period of time. Good study habits help to consolidate and develop learning ability, which is of great help to future work and study. In the teaching of grade one, I began to cultivate students' study habits. For example: listen carefully and think independently; Observe carefully and remember by heart; Write neatly and calculate accurately; Timely inspection, clear thinking, middle and senior grades pay more attention to the cultivation of habits such as inspection and score checking. Besides, all the students I teach are good at solving multiple problems. Sometimes an application problem can be finished in one class, and students are scrambling to set formulas and talk about ideas. In the application process of "teaching to one", my classmates and I listed 24 formulas, which greatly mobilized students' learning enthusiasm. Good study habits are also closely related to the formation of a person's personality. We should strictly train, help and guide students in class, and over time, we can form students' good behavior habits.

In a word, it is imperative to cultivate students' learning ability in mathematics teaching. Insist on training, and you will get twice the result with half the effort.